The most secure way to store firearms, as recommended, is to store them unloaded, locked, and separate from ammunition. Safe gun storage refers to practices that limit accessibility to guns by unauthorized users, including minors and thieves. These rules can include locking guns in a secure place such as a gun safe or gun cabinet or using safety devices such as trigger or cable locks.

As of September 2021, Oregon requires firearm owners to store their weapons in a gun safe or use a trigger lock when guns aren’t being carried or under owners’ control. The total number of states with some form of a gun storage law to raises to eleven. 

Eleven states have related laws about firearm locking devices including handgun, long gun etc. 

Massachusetts remains the only state that requires all firearms to be stored with a locking device like gun safes or gun lock in place when they aren’t in use or under the owner’s immediate control.;

California, Connecticut, and New York impose this gun safety storage requirement in certain situations. 

Other state laws regarding locking devices are similar to the federal law, in that they require locking devices like gun safes or gun lock to accompany certain guns manufactured, sold, or transferred. 

Five of the eleven states also set standards for the design of locking devices or require them to be approved by a state agency for effectiveness. 

Details please check the chart(from Internet):